Saturday, June 30, 2018

Staggers, Gassert, and Curran, 2001

Staggers, Gassert, and Curran, 2001

Valid and comprehensive nursing informatics (NI) competencies currently are lacking. Meanwhile, nursing leaders are emphasizing the need to include NI in nursing curricula, as well as within the roles of practicing nurses in all settings. This article presents the initial work of a team of NI experts toward development of a valid and reliable set of NI competencies. Previous work primarily has focused on computer-related skills, rather than examining a broad definition of informatics competencies. For this current work, NI competencies encompass all skills, not only computer-related skills, as well as knowledge and attitudes needed by nurses. The first two authors created a database of NI competencies from the existing literature. A larger panel of NI experts then affirmed, modified, added, or deleted competencies from this database. Competencies were placed into four distinct skill levels. Definitions of each skill level and an initial master list of competencies are provided.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11596683

Dreyfus Model

Dreyfus Model

In the fields of education and operations research, the Dreyfus model of skill acquisition is a model of how students acquire skills through formal instruction and practicing. Brothers Stuart and Hubert Dreyfus proposed the model in 1980 in an influential 18-page report on their research at the University of California, Berkeley, Operations Research Center for the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research.[1] The original model proposes that a student passes through five distinct stages: novice, competence, proficiency, expertise, and mastery.
Instead the original Dreyfus model is based on four binary qualities:
  • Recollection (non-situational or situational)
  • Recognition (decomposed or holistic)
  • Decision (analytical or intuitive)
  • Awareness (monitoring or absorbed
Example uses of model
  • Assessing progress in the development of skills.
  • Helping to define a desired level of competence.
  • Supporting progress in the development of skills, by understanding the learning needs and styles of learning at different levels of skill acquisition.
  • Helping to determine when a learner is ready to teach others.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreyfus_model_of_skill_acquisition
Resulta ng larawan para sa dreyfus model

    Turley, 1996



    Turley, 1996


    Turley,1996. proposed another model in which the core  components of informatics (cognitive science, information science, and computer science) are depicted as intersecting circle.
    Kaugnay na larawan
    https://theoriesframeworksandmodel.wordpress.com/18-2/

    Schwirian, 1986

    Schwirian, 1986

    Patricia Schwirian, 1986proposed a model of nursing informatics intended to stimulate and guide systematic research in this discipline.



    https://theoriesframeworksandmodel.wordpress.com/18-2/

    Graves and Corcoran, 1989

    Graves and Corcoran, 1989

    A framework for organizing the study of nursing informatics is presented. The management and processing of nursing data, information science and nursing science is proposed as an area for study. The premises for such study and the key concepts and relationships are discussed. Nursing informatics would support the practice of nursing and delivery of nursing care.
    https://sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1989.tb00148.x
    Resulta ng larawan para sa graves and corcoran model

    Sunday, June 24, 2018

    Uses of Computer

    Uses of Computer

    http://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental/introduction-to-computer/uses-of-computer

    Education : Getting the right kind of information is a major challenge as is getting information to make sense. College students spend an average of 5-6 hours a week on the internet.Research shows that computers can significantly enhance performance in learning. Students exposed to the internet say they think the web has helped them improve the quality of their academic research and of their written work. One revolution in education is the advent of distance learning. This offers a variety of internet and video-based online courses.

    Health and Medicine :

    Computer technology is radically changing the tools of medicine. All medical information can now be digitized. Software is now able to computer the risk of a disease. Mental health researchers are using computers to screen troubled teenagers in need of psychotherapy. A patient paralyzed by a stroke has received an implant that allows communication between his brain and a computer; as a result, he can move a cursor across a screen by brainpower and convey simple messages.

    Science :

    Scientists have long been users of it. A new adventure among scientists is the idea of a “collaboratory”, an internet based collaborative laboratory, in which researchers all over the world can work easily together even at a distance. An example is space physics where space physicists are allowed to band together to measure the earth’s ionosphere from instruments on four parts of the world.  

    Business :

    Business clearly see the interest as a way to enhance productivity and competitiveness. Some areas of business that are undergoing rapid changes are sales and marketing, retailing, banking, stock trading, etc. Sales representatives not only need to be better educated and more knowledgeable about their customer’s businesses, but also must be comfortable with computer technology. The internet has become a popular marketing tool. The world of cybercash has come to banking – not only smart cards but internet banking, electronic deposit, bill paying, online stock and bond trading, etc.

    Recreation and Entertainment: 

    Our entertainment and pleasure-time have also been affected by computerization. For example:
    • In movies, computer generated graphics give freedom to designers so that special effects and even imaginary characters can play a part in making movies, videos, and commercials.
    • In sports, computers compile statistics, sell tickets, create training programs and diets for athletes, and suggest game plan strategies based on the competitor’s past performance.
    • In restaurants, almost every one has eaten food where the clerk enters an order by indicating choices on a rather unusual looking cash register; the device directly enters the actual data into a computer, and calculates the cost and then prints a receipt.

    Government: 

    Various departments of the Government use computer for their planning, control and law enforcement activities. To name a few – Traffic, Tourism, Information & Broadcasting, Education, Aviation and many others. 

    Healthcare Informatics model


    Heathcare Informatics Model





    Health informatics (also called health care informaticshealthcare informaticsmedical informaticsnursing informaticsclinical informatics, or biomedical informatics) is information engineering applied to the field of health care, essentially the management and use of patient healthcare information. It is a multidisciplinary field[1] that uses health information technology (HIT) to improve health care via any combination of higher quality, higher efficiency (spurring lower cost and thus greater availability), and new opportunities. The disciplines involved include information sciencecomputer sciencesocial sciencebehavioral sciencemanagement science, and others. The NLMdefines health informatics as "the interdisciplinary study of the design, development, adoption and application of IT-based innovations in healthcare services delivery, management and planning".[2] It deals with the resources, devices, and methods required to optimize the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and biomedicine. Health informatics tools include computers, clinical guidelines, formal medical terminologies, and information and communication systems, amongst others.[3][4] It is applied to the areas of nursingclinical medicinedentistrypharmacypublic healthoccupational therapyphysical therapybiomedical research, and alternative medicine,[5][unreliable medical source?] all of which are designed to improve the overall of effectiveness of patient care delivery by ensuring that the data generated is of a high quality.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_informatics